<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: South Africa<nl>Communications</hdr><body>
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<item><hi format=bold>Railroads:</hi> 20,638 km route distance total; 20,324 km of 1.067-meter gauge trackage (counts double and multiple tracking as single track); 314 km of 610 mm gauge; substantial electrification of 1.067 meter gauge
<item><hi format=bold>Highways:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>total:</hi> 188,309 km
<item>• <hi format=ital>paved:</hi> 54,013 km
<item>• <hi format=ital>unpaved:</hi> crushed stone, gravel, improved earth 134,296 km
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<item><hi format=bold>Pipelines:</hi> crude oil 931 km; petroleum products 1,748 km; natural gas 322 km
<item><hi format=bold>Ports:</hi> Durban, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, Richards Bay, Saldanha, Mosselbaai
<item><hi format=bold>Telecommunications:</hi> the system is the best developed, most modern, and has the highest capacity in Africa; it consists of carrier-equipped open-wire lines, coaxial cables, radio relay links, fiber optic cable, and radiocommunication stations; key centers are Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth, and Pretoria; over 4,500,000 telephones; broadcast stations—14 AM, 286 FM, 67 TV; 1 submarine cable; satellite earth stations—1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT